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Credit reports

Credit report

A record of credit accounts, payment history, inquiries, collections, and identifying information maintained by a credit reporting company.

Quick answer

A credit report is a record assembled by a credit reporting company from information supplied by lenders, collectors, public records, and other sources. It is not the same thing as a credit score, which is calculated from report information.

Why it matters

The practical meaning.

Credit reports can affect lending and may also be used in certain housing, employment, insurance, and service decisions. Reading the exact report is the starting point for identifying wrong accounts, balances, dates, inquiries, or identity information.

Where you may see it

On a disclosure obtained from a credit reporting company, in a lender decision, or when a business identifies the report used for an adverse action.

Do not confuse it with

Similar words, different jobs.

Credit score

A report contains the underlying account and inquiry information; a score is a number calculated from report data.

Key points
1.

Equifax, Experian, and TransUnion maintain separate files, so the three reports may not be identical.

2.

AnnualCreditReport.com is the federally authorized source for free reports from the nationwide credit reporting companies.

3.

A report can contain inaccurate information even when a score appears unchanged.

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Credit Proud is an educational resource, not a credit bureau, debt collector, government agency, or law firm. We do not provide legal advice or promise a specific credit outcome.